Alcohol, Phenol and Ether MCQ Questions & Answers in Organic Chemistry | Chemistry

Reactions involving cleavage of carbon - oxygen bond, $$\left( {C - OH} \right)$$   follows the following order :
Tertiary > Secondary > Primary

Alkanols are the derivatives of alkanes which are derived by the replacement of $$-H$$  of alkanes with $$-OH$$  (hydroxyl groups).
\[\underset{\text{Alkanes}}{\mathop{{{C}_{n}}{{H}_{2n+2}}}}\,\xrightarrow[+OH]{-H}\underset{\text{Alkanols}}{\mathop{{{C}_{n}}{{H}_{2n+1}}}}\,OH\,\,\text{or}\,\,{{C}_{n}}{{H}_{2n+2}}O\]

$$o$$ - Nitrophenol has intramolecular $$H$$ - bonding.

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Reactions of alcohols involving cleavage of $$C - OH$$  bond follow the reactivity order :
Tertiary > secondary > primary, according to the stability of carbocation intermediate.

\[\underset{\text{Ethyl}\,\,\text{acetate}}{\mathop{C{{H}_{3}}COO{{C}_{2}}{{H}_{5}}}}\,\xrightarrow[\text{dry}\,\text{ether}]{\frac{LiAl{{H}_{4}}}{{{H}_{3}}{{O}^{+}}}}\]      \[C{{H}_{3}}C{{H}_{2}}OH+{{C}_{2}}{{H}_{5}}OH\]

Phenol on reaction with conc. $${{\text{H}}_2}S{O_4}$$  gives a mixture of $${\text{o - }}$$ and $$p{\text{ - }}$$ products ( i.e., $$ - S{O_3}H$$  group, occupies $${\text{o - ,}}$$ $$p{\text{ - }}$$ position ). At room temperature $${\text{o - }}$$ product is more stable, which on treatment with conc. $$HN{O_3}$$  will yield $${\text{o - }}$$ nitrophenol.

At room temperature $$o-$$ product is more stable

Hence (B) is the correct answer.

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Compounds containing $$-OH$$  group directly attached to benzene ring are called phenolic compounds.

Methanol is highly poisonous hence can't be used for drinking purposes.