Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen MCQ Questions & Answers in Organic Chemistry | Chemistry

Key Idea Alkyl halides are more reactive towards nucleophilic substitution. Reactivity depends upon the stability of carbocation intermediate formed.
Among the given halides, aryl halide $$\left( {{C_6}{H_5}X} \right)$$   is least reactive towards nucleophile as in it the $$C - X$$  bond acquire some double bond character due to resonance. Presence of electron withdrawing groups like $$ - N{O_2}$$  at $$ortho$$  and $$para$$  - positions facilitate the nucleophilic displacement of $$-X$$  of aryl halide. Among alkyl halides, $${3^ \circ }$$ halides are more reactive as compared to $${2^ \circ }$$ halides due to the formation of more stable carbocation. Hence, the order of reactivity of $$C-X$$  bond towards nucleophile is as follows :

Now since the molecular mass increases by 42 unit as a result of the reaction of one mole of  $$C{H_3}COCl$$    with one - $$N{H_2}$$  group and the given increase in mass is 210. hence the number of $$ - N{H_2}$$  group is $$ = \frac{{210}}{{42}} = 5$$

This is carbylamine reaction.
\[C{{H}_{3}}C{{H}_{2}}N{{H}_{2}}+CHC{{l}_{3}}+3KOH\,\,\to \,{{C}_{2}}{{H}_{5}}NC+3KCl+3{{H}_{2}}O\]

Aliphatic amines are stronger base than aromatic amines. Further the order $${2^ \circ } > {1^ \circ } > {3^ \circ } > N{H_3}$$

Amines are stronger $${\rm{Br\ddot onsted}}$$  bases than alcohols and phenols as they have tendency to accept a proton.
Phenols are more acidic than alcohols, thus, phenol has least tendency to accept a proton hence, is the weakest $${\rm{Br\ddot onsted}}$$  base.

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Acetylation takes place when amine ( not amide ) combines with acetyl chloride or acetic anhydride.