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21.
The brown, hazy fumes of photochemical smog are due to
A
nitrogen dioxide
B
$$PAN$$ formation
C
aldehydes
D
$$S{O_2}$$
Answer :
nitrogen dioxide
Brown hazy fumes of photochemical smog are due to nitrogen dioxide.
22.
Photochemical smog is formed due to presence of
A
oxides of sulphur
B
oxides of nitrogen
C
oxides of carbon
D
oxides of lead
Answer :
oxides of nitrogen
Photochemical smog is formed due to photochemical reaction taking place when air contains $$N{O_2}$$ and hydrocarbons.
23.
Choose the correct words to fill in the blanks. Pollutant is defined as, a substance or an agent which causes pollution. $$\underline {\left( {\text{i}} \right)} $$ and $$\underline {\left( {{\text{ii}}} \right)} $$ are chemical pollutants. Pollutants can be $$\underline {\left( {{\text{iii}}} \right)} $$ which rapidly break down by $$\underline {\left( {{\text{iv}}} \right)} $$ processes.
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(a)
Heavy metals
$$DDT$$
degradable
natural
(b)
Particu-lates
heavy metals
non-degradable
artificial
(c)
Non-degradable
petroleum
degradable
artificial
(d)
Micro-organisms
natural gas
non-degradable
natural
A
(a)
B
(b)
C
(c)
D
(d)
Answer :
(a)
No explanation is given for this question. Let's discuss the answer together.
24.
Which of the following statements about photochemical smog is wrong?
A
It has high concentration of oxidising agents.
B
It has low concentration of oxidising agent.
C
It can be controlled by controlling the release of $$N{O_2},$$ hydrocarbons, ozone etc.
D
Plantation of some plants like pinus helps in controlling photochemical smog.
Answer :
It has low concentration of oxidising agent.
Photochemical smog has high concentration of oxidising agents, hence it is also known as oxidising smog.
25.
The false statement among the followings :
A
The average residence time of $$NO$$ is one month.
B
Limestone acts as a sink for $$S{O_x}.$$
C
$$S{O_x}$$ can be removed from flue gases by passing through a solution of citrate ions.
D
Ammonia acts as a sink for $$N{O_x}.$$
Answer :
The average residence time of $$NO$$ is one month.
The average residence time of $$NO$$ is 4 days.
26.
Which of the following is not correctly matched?
A
Water pollution - using synthetic detergents for washing clothes
B
Photochemical smog - releasing gases produced by automobiles and factories
C
Damaging ozone layer - using $$CFCS$$
D
Acid rain - releasing pesticides and fertilizers in water
Answer :
Acid rain - releasing pesticides and fertilizers in water
Acid rain is caused by releasing gases to atmosphere after burning waste material containing sulphur and nitrogen.
27.
The substance having the largest concentration in acid rain ?
B
Reduce the use and production of hazardous chemicals.
C
Are related to the depletion of ozone layer.
D
Study the reactions in plants.
Answer :
Reduce the use and production of hazardous chemicals.
Green chemistry may be defined as the programme of developing new chemical products and chemical processes or making improvements in the already existing compounds and processes so as to make less harmful to human health and environment. This means the same as to reduce the use and production of hazardous chemicals.
i.e. correct answer is option (B).
29.
The pollutants which come directly in the air from sources are called primary pollutants. Primary pollutants are sometimes converted into secondary pollutants. Which of the following belongs to secondary air pollutants?
A
$$CO$$
B
Hydrocarbon
C
Peroxyacetyl nitrate
D
$$NO$$
Answer :
Peroxyacetyl nitrate
Peroxyacetyl nitrate $$(PAN),$$ formed from the primary pollutants $$N{O_2},{O_3}$$ and hydrocarbons, is the secondary pollutant.
30.
The region which is greatly affected by air pollution is
A
troposphere
B
stratosphere
C
mesosphere
D
thermosphere
Answer :
troposphere
Troposphere is the lower most region of earth atmosphere and hence greatly affected by air pollution.