Hydrocarbons (Alkane, Alkene and Alkyne) MCQ Questions & Answers in Organic Chemistry | Chemistry

\[\underset{\text{2-Bromopentane }}{\mathop{C{{H}_{3}}-C{{H}_{2}}-C{{H}_{2}}\underset{\begin{smallmatrix} |\,\,\,\,\, \\ Br\,\,\,\, \end{smallmatrix}}{\mathop{-CH-}}\,C{{H}_{3}}}}\,\]       \[\underset{\beta \text{-elimination}}{\mathop{\xrightarrow[-HBr]{alc.\,KOH}}}\,\underset{\text{2-Pentene}}{\mathop{C{{H}_{3}}-C{{H}_{2}}-CH=CH}}\,-C{{H}_{3}}\]

The correct name of the compound is 4-chlorotoluene.

Halogens are electron withdrawing groups due to electronegative nature hence they deactivate benzene ring for electrophilic substitution but are $$o, p$$  - directing.

Since it contains only two
types of H-atoms hence it will give only two mono
chlorinated compounds viz.
and

Depending upon the types of carbon-carbon bonds present, hydrocarbons can be classified into three main categories -
(i) Saturated hydrocarbons contain $$C - C$$  single bonds.
(ii) Unsaturated hydrocarbons contain $$C = C$$  or $$C \equiv C$$  bonds.
(iii) Aromatic hydrocarbons are special type of cyclic compounds.

Chiral conformation will not have plane of symmetry. Since twist boat does not have plane of symmetry it is chiral.

\[\underset{\text{Ethylene dibromide}}{\mathop{\underset{C{{H}_{2}}Br\,}{\overset{\,C{{H}_{2}}Br}{\mathop{|\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,}}}\,}}\,+Zn\xrightarrow[\text{heat}]{\text{alcohol}}\underset{C{{H}_{2}}\,}{\overset{C{{H}_{2}}}{\mathop{\parallel \,\,\,\,\,\,}}}\,+ZnB{{r}_{2}}\]

Nitration is carried out by the help of electrophile $$NO_2^ + .$$
$$HN{O_3} + 2{H_2}S{O_4} \to $$     $$NO_2^ + + 2HSO_4^ - + {H_3}{O^ + }$$
Halogenation is carried out by the help of electrophile $$C{l^ + }\left( {{X^ + }} \right).$$
$$C{l_2} + FeC{l_3} \to C{l^ + } + FeCl_4^ - $$
Hence, both reactions are electrophilic substitution reactions.